Umweltbundesamt

Pulp & Paper

The German paper production industry now already uses a remarkably high proportion of recycled paper. This saves on resources and reduces production costs. Yet, despite this positive profile, the industry-specific impact on the environment has increased overall because in the same timeframe production quantities have risen considerably. As a result it is as important as before for companies in the pulp and paper industry to take all possible measures in their various procedures and stages of production to reduce emissions into the air and wastewater, to lower their usage of energy and fresh water, and to increase their recycling quota for all types of waste material.


Apart from the manufacture of paper and its directly related production procedure, the processes for the production of pulp are particularly relevant for the environment:
• the pulping processes (sulphate and sulphite processes), through which pulp is produced from the raw material wood,
• mechanical and chemical pulping for the production of mechanical wood pulp, as well as
• the processing of recycled paper.
Examples of production-integrated environmental measures in the pulp and paper industry are available on this information portal, e.g.
• how electrical high voltage impulses (HVI) can be used for the pulping of cellulose, manipulation of the water bonding properties of pulp and for the disinfection of fluid products, and
• how heavy metals can be separated from wood in pulping and in the chlorine-free bleaching of pulp.


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55 information in Pulp & Paper
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Project-IconActive packaging with antimicrobial properties: packaging proofing for paper packaging materials (Part 2)
Two preferred options i.e. use in adhesives and via separate active ingredient carriers, were developed and optimised for equipping packaging materials made from paper with natural, anti-microbial ingredients. Expand…
Source:  Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)
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Project-IconActive packaging with antimicrobial properties: packaging proofing for paper packaging materials: multi-layered packaging material with antimicrobial effects (Part 4)
Various ways of providing paper bags with antimicrobial effects based the use of natural, active ingredients were developed and optimised. An investigation showed that the packaging and its content can be externally and internally protected against microorganisms by using glues, colouring agents or printing ink containing active substances. Expand…
Source:  Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)
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Project-IconActive packaging with antimicrobial properties: packaging proofing for paper packaging materials: toxicological evaluation of active packaging with antimicrobial properties (Part 3)
The functionalised packaging materials investigated are very well suited for technical applications. The inherent smell of clove leaf oil or extract would have to be minimised, for example by binding it in a paint layer, to obtain approval according to the Foodstuffs and Commodities Act. Expand…
Source:  Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)
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Project-IconActive packaging with antimicrobial properties: packaging proofing for paper packaging materials: treatment of cardboard (Part 5)
The technical options for incorporating and applying antimicrobial substances into and onto cardboard have been demonstrated. Interest in such packaging is particularly high in connection with technical products and export to countries in which extensive climatic stress can be expected. The enhanced hygiene is also advantageous with regard to the European market. Expand…
Source:  Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)
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Project-IconAdvanced biological purification of industrial wastewaters for the minimisation of residual COD (part 2)
The exemplary operation of the sequencing-batch-reactor process developed on a semi-industrial scale has been demonstrated using wastewaters from the paper and cellulose industry. Positive results obtained from earlier laboratory investigations have been confirmed, and the practical capability of this process for the minimisation of the sewage load in the Elbe has been demonstrated. Expand…
Source:  Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)
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Project-IconAdvanced biological purification of industrial wastewaters for the minimisation of residual COD: part 1
Using industrial wastewaters from the Czech paper industry, exemplary laboratory analyses have been conducted in biological wastewater treatment installations with a view to achieving the maximum possible reduction of chemically degradable substances. Periodic Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) technology has proved to be particularly suitable for this purpose. Expand…
Source:  Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)
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Project-IconAdvanced cleaning of the waste water of a paper factory
In a paper factory up to 100% waste paper is used for the production of newsprint. The biological waste water treatment plant is extended with a third stage (flotation) in order to reduce the chemical oxygen demand (COD) in the wash water. A goal is to obtain industrial water quality. For the thermal utilization of the residual substances from fiber production and waste water treatment the waste water treatment unit is supplemented by a sludge treatment and drainage facility. Expand…
Source:  Federal Environment Agency (UBA)
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Project-IconAnalysis of energy and material flows in the coating of paper
An analysis of the energy and material flows identified potential for optimisation in the reduction of solvent emissions and the relevant energy consumption. Expand…
Source:  Landesanstalt für Umwelt, Messungen und Naturschutz Baden-Württemberg (LUBW)
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Project-IconAnalysis of energy and material flows in the metal coating of paper
An analysis of the energy and material flows showed that solvent and carbon emissions can be reduced significantly in the paper coating process. Expand…
Source:  Landesanstalt für Umwelt, Messungen und Naturschutz Baden-Württemberg (LUBW)
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Project-IconApplication of a new flotation process to increase the recyclable quota of used paper: Part 1
The key focus of investigations has been the influence of various printing ink components upon the de-inking of used paper. On the basis of results obtained, a water-based flexographic printing ink has been developed which has shown good results, both in the de-inking process and in practical printing tests. Expand…
Source:  Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)
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