Umweltbundesamt

Textile & Clothing

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The global per capita use of textile raw materials is increasing and further growth in the textile industry is taking place under highly competitive international conditions.
The production of high-quality and technical textiles is Germany's most important option for retaining international competitiveness in this sector. The best future prospects for the domestic and international markets are expected for:

  • Textiles with light and efficient structures for the automotive industry and vehicle construction, and
  • Textiles with functional properties such as UV protection, skin-friendliness, antibacterial or thermal regulation effects.


This sector increasingly focuses on the research and implementation of measures for integrated environmental protection, in addition to product-related reorientation. Information concerning environmental innovations along the entire textile value chain is provided on this portal:
A method for textile upgrading with hypercritical carbon dioxide as an extraction and dying medium is shown as an example. No waste water is produced during this entire production step.
Systems concepts for the optimisation of waste water, energy and sludge handling in textile plants are available.
In addition, solutions for the production and processing of upholstered furniture according to recycling criteria as well as hardware and software solutions for reducing the production costs of high-quality, custom-made shoes are shown.
Successful research projects for improving the UV protection of polyester fibres by adding micropigments made of titanium and aluminium oxide are also shown.
Best practice examples from the field of automotive construction show the options available for environmentally compatible design of vehicle interiors made of artificial and natural fibres.


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146 information in Textile & Clothing
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Project-IconA production process for regenerated cellulose fibres based on the cellulose carbamate process without the use of sulphur or heavy metals (Part 1)
The carbamate process was further developed once the basic technology had been patented. The results have led to an improvement in both process economy and process ecology. The technology is very well suited to adaptation to existing viscose systems, thus keeping the requirements for capital investment low.
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Source:  Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)
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Project-IconA production process for regenerated cellulose fibres based on the cellulose carbamate process without the use of sulphur or heavy metals: Optimisation and upscaling of cellulose carbamate synthesis using the DITF process and textile processing of the carbamate fibres (Part 3)
The newly developed process has economic advantages, in addition to being more environmentally compatible. The carbamate spun fibres can be used in their pure form or as a mixture. The achievable fibre properties could mean enhanced economic advantages for the German fibre and textile industry.
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Source:  Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)
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Project-IconA production process for regenerated cellulose fibres based on the cellulose carbamate process without the use of sulphur or heavy metals: Process and product optimisation (Part 2)
The advanced cellulose carbamate process represents an environmentally compatible alternative to the traditional viscose process; it is intentionally similar to the latter and thus allows for cost-effective revamping or improvement of the process, as well as for the development of viscose-like products with good prospects for success.

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Source:  Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)
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Project-IconAOX–free superwash finishing of keratin fibres through combined plasma and resin treatment (Part 2)
A cationic PUR resin was developed which ensures the machine washability of plasma-treated fibre materials and avoids the production chlorine-contaminated waste water. This means that technical and commercial processing can move away from use of the chlorine/Hercosett process to employment of an environmentally-friendly plasma-based antifelting method.

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Source:  Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)
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Project-IconAdvanced textile waste water purification by means of flocculation, filtration and adsorption in the local clarification plant Albstadt-Ebingen
The waste water loaded heavily by the waste water from the Textilfaerbereien is biologically cleaned and subsequently treated by means of a combined application of activated carbon adsorption, chemical precipitation/flocculation and filtration (AFF procedure). The visible color could be eliminated, the biologically nondegradable, organic substances including the organic halogen compounds and the phosphorus could be substantially reduced. Expand…
Source:  Federal Environment Agency (UBA)
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Project-IconAnaerobic-based method of water recycling in the textile finishing industry (Part 1)
The developed process concept was tested with acceptable results in high concentrations of industrial waste water from desizing, colouring, finishing processes and a mixed waste water. It was clear overall that the flow from the anaerobic reactor must be post-treated, for which an aerobic biological treatment is primarily recommended. Expand…
Source:  Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)
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Project-IconAnaerobic-based method of water recycling in the textile finishing industry (Part 2)
Isolated bacterial strains from the digested sludge of municipal sewage treatment plants came from the families enterobacteriaceae and aeromonadaceae and genera actinomyces and propionibacterium. The microbial mixed cultures which are continuously being adapted from this were successfully used as starter cultures in the anaerobic reactor and increased its efficiency levels. Expand…
Source:  Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)
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Project-IconAnaerobic-based method of water recycling in the textile finishing industry (Part 3)
On the basis of studies and evaluations of the flow behaviour in the fixed bed reactor, the process was optimised by measures which led to a meandering flow through the individual reactor chambers. The design of the container and the modular plant design enabled the plant size to be simply adapted to changing output conditions.
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Source:  Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)
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Project-IconAnaerobic-based method of water recycling in the textile finishing industry (Part 5)
The developed separation technology based upon membrane-technology methods is well suited to processing relevant waste water sub flows. These results contribute to the optimisation of a processing technology, with which textile production that is virtually waste water-free should be economically viable in small and medium sized industries.
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Source:  Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)
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Project-IconAnalysis of energy and material flows in the textile finishing industry
An analysis of energy and material flows identified measures to lower the consumption of fresh water and natural gas, resulting in cost savings of over EUR 90,000 per annum. Expand…
Source:  Landesanstalt für Umwelt, Messungen und Naturschutz Baden-Württemberg (LUBW)
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146 information in Textile & Clothing
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